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A special issue of Klinicka onkologie (the official journal of the Czech Society for Oncology), published in December 2014, is dedicated to the assessment of cancer prevention efforts and results in the Czech Republic. A team of authors not only described the current situation in cancer prevention programmes in the Czech Republic, but also pointed out weak spots in cancer prevention efforts.
Over the last 15 years, the Czech Republic has been closing the gap on Western Europe in terms of 5-year survival rates in selected cancer types, and nowadays is significantly beyond the average of other post-communist countries. The latest results from the international study CONCORD-2 have again confirmed this trend.
New guidance from WHO aims to help countries better prevent and control cervical cancer. The disease is one of the world’s deadliest – but most easily preventable – forms of cancer for women, responsible for more than 270 000 deaths annually, 85% of which occur in developing countries.
A DNA vaccine targeting mammaglobin-A, a breast cancer-associated antigen, was proven safe and found to effectively elicit immune responses in women with metastatic breast cancer, according to a study published in Clinical Cancer Research [1].
A new study that challenges the prevailing view of how bowel cancer develops in the large intestine is published today in Nature Medicine [1].
The most comprehensive international comparison of cancer survival to date, covering countries that are home to two-thirds of the world’s population, shows extremely wide differences in survival between countries.
A new study by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the specialised cancer agency of the World Health Organization (WHO), shows that nearly half a million new cancer cases per year can be attributed to high body mass index (BMI).
In the EU28 in 2011, cancer was the cause of death [1] for 1.281 million persons, responsible for more than a quarter of all deaths (26.3%). Over the past ten years, while the total number of deaths slightly decreased (-0.5%), the number of deaths due to cancer increased by 6.3% (from 1.206 million in 2002 to 1.281 million in 2011), at a slightly higher pace for females (+6.6%) than for males (+6.0%). However, the number of deaths due to cancer remained higher in 2011 among the male population (718,000 deaths due to cancer) than among the female population (563,000). In 2011, cancer represented 37.1% of all causes of death for the EU28 population aged less than 65, while this level was only 23.8% for the older population (those aged 65 years and over).
For the first time, a report from an ongoing systematic review of global research finds that being overweight or obese increases men’s risk for the deadliest forms of prostate cancer.
Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths around the world. Yet the public awareness of this aggressive malignant tumour is extremely low. Declaration of a day dedicated to pancreatic cancer is aimed not only at raising awareness of this disease, but also at pancreatic cancer being pushed through among cancer research priorities. Therefore, for the first time ever, 13 November marks the World Pancreatic Cancer Day.
The NOP On-line website (www.onconet.cz) has been completely redesigned.
Aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) protect against the development of colorectal cancer by inducing cell suicide pathways in intestinal stem cells that carry a certain mutated and dysfunctional gene, according to a new study led by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (UPCI) and the School of Medicine. The findings were published online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences [1].
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the specialized cancer agency of the World Health Organization (WHO), today launches the 4th edition of the European Code Against Cancer with the participation of the European Commission.
The risk of developing bowel cancer can be reduced by adopting some or all of five key healthy lifestyle changes, German researchers have confirmed.
A compact description of cancer care in the Czech Republic was presented at the ESMO 2014 Congress in Madrid, Spain. The Czech Society for Oncology and the Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses of the Masaryk University worked together to highlight the alarmingly growing cancer burden of the Czech population, to explain the current National Cancer Control Programme and ongoing cancer screening programmes, and to comment the latest survival rates of Czech cancer patients.
Because nine human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes were found to cause the majority of cervical precancers, a nine-valent HPV vaccine currently being investigated may be able to prevent more cervical cancers than current vaccines, according to research published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.
The global cancer burden is on the rise, warned IARC at the beginning of 2014. The Czech Republic is no exception: cancer incidence rates are growing in our country, too. But where does the Czech Republic rank among other European countries (or even globally) in terms of cancer burden?
Postmenopausal women who in the past four years had undertaken regular physical activity equivalent to at least four hours of walking per week had a lower risk for invasive breast cancer compared with women who exercised less during those four years, according to data published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.
The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), the leading pan-European association representing medical oncology professionals, has expressed concern that the proposed EU General Data Protection Regulation (1) could make cancer research impossible and add a significant burden to both doctors and cancer patients.
Earlier this year, two studies analysing survival rates of cancer patients in the Czech Republic and across Europe were published [1, 2]. Survival rates of cancer patients belong to key parameters in terms of evaluation of cancer care outcomes, and of fulfilling the National Cancer Control Programme. The good news from both studies is that outcomes of the Czech cancer care have improved in most diagnoses: both in terms of time trends, and when compared to other European countries. However, there is much space for improvements in cancer prevention efforts as well as early diagnosis of less advanced stages; and last but not least, the availability of cancer diagnosis and treatment in individual regions of the Czech Republic needs to be further improved.
Smoking is one of the most important known risk factors for cancer. Most European countries are well aware of this fact, and have adopted various measures aimed at decreasing the number of smokers among the population, which should not only improve the population’s state of health, but also save costs for treatment of smoking-related diseases. Unfortunately, international studies and comparisons have shown that the Czech Republic is miles apart from those countries.
Young women who smoke and have been smoking a pack a day for a decade or more have a significantly increased risk of developing the most common type of breast cancer. That is the finding of an analysis published early online in Cancer [1], a peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society. The study indicates that an increased risk of breast cancer may be another health risk incurred by young women who smoke.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the specialised cancer agency of the World Health Organisation, is today launching World Cancer Report 2014, a collaboration of over 250 leading scientists from more than 40 countries, describing multiple aspects of cancer research and control.